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A metamaterial (or meta material) is a material which gains its properties from its structure rather than directly from its composition. To distinguish metamaterials from other composite materials, the metamaterial label is usually used for a material which has unusual properties. The term was coined in 1999 by Rodger M. Walser of the University of Texas at Austin. He defined metamaterials as:
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9vg,H3K?;i$[?.ei Macroscopic composites having a manmade, three-dimensional, periodic cellular architecture designed to produce an optimized combination, not available in nature, of two or more responses to specific excitation.!Ve`t'SXvM0i

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The first metamaterials were developed by W.E. Kock in the late 1940s with metal-lens antennas and metallic delay lenses.